NTSB CAROL · Event
Event ATL91LA122
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
THE PILOT'S PREMATURE DECISION TO TURN OFF THE ANTI-SKID DURING LANDING ROLL. FACTORS TO THIS ACCIDENT WERE HYDROPLANING CONDITIONS.
Factual narrative
THE PILOT HAD COMPUTED LANDING PERFORMANCE INFORMATION FOR A LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITH ANTI-SKID; SUFFICIENT RUNWAY SURFACE WAS AVAILABLE. TOUCHDOWN WAS NORMAL, HOWEVER DURING THE BRAKING PROCESS, THE AIRPLANE STARTED TO FISHTAIL AND THE PILOT BELIEVED THAT THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM HAD FAILED. THEREFORE, THE PILOT TURNED THE ANTI-SKID SYSTEM OFF AND CONTINUED THE ROLLOUT WITH NORMAL BRAKING. THE AIRPLANE WENT OFF THE DEPARTURE END OF RUNWAY 05 AND SUSTAINED SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE. PERFORMANCE DATA INDICATED MORE RUNWAY SURFACE WAS REQUIRED FOR A SAFE LANDING ON A WET RUNWAY WITHOUT ANTI-SKID ASSISTANCE. THE BRAKING SEQUENCE OF EVENTS DESCRIBED BY THE PILOT RESEMBLED DYNAMIC HYDROPLANING WHERE THERE WAS A COMPLETE LOSS OF BRAKING EFFECTIVENESS RATHER THAN AN ANTI-SKID MALFUNCTION. AN EXAMINATION OF THE AIRPLANE FAILED TO DISCLOSE ANY MECHANICAL PROBLEMS. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1991_ATL91LA122.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type. Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- NASA NTRS 2026 · Contractor Report (CR)
Icing Physics Studies Using the 3D SIDRM Test Article: 2023 Icing Tests Analysis
In-flight icing is an important safety issue and is a factor that affects aircraft design and performance. Newer regulations are driving a need for improvements in airframe and engine icing simulation…
- Flight Safety Foundation 2024 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Helicopter Safety Performance Data 2023
Foundation 2023 helicopter safety performance data — global accident rates by mission profile (HEMS, off-shore oil, air-tour, agricultural, news/utility).
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Exploring the atmospheric and weather conditions for hoar frost formation at OR Tambo International Airport: A case study of ground aircraft icing events for the period 2017-2023.
Ground aircraft icing has an adverse effect on the aerodynamic performance of aircrafts as well as the efficient operations of airlines and airports.
- NASA NTRS 2023 · Presentation
NASA Icing Overview 2023
This presentation summarizes NASA icing research for an invited talk to be presented on June 22, 2023, at the SAE International Conference on Icing of Aircraft, Engines, and Structures.
- Flight Safety Foundation 2023 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) — A 2023 Industry Refresh
Foundation 2023 CFIT data refresh — three decades after the original CFIT Task Force eliminated >95% of air-carrier CFIT, the GA + Part 135 communities still account for most CFIT fatalities.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2023 · Industry report (AQRR)
Airline Quality Rating 2023
The Airline Quality Rating (AQR) was developed and first announced in early 1991 as an objective method for assessing airline quality on combined multiple performance criteria.
Browse the full corpus — academia portal ↗