NTSB CAROL · Event
Event CHI99LA064
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot-in-command (CFI)'s poor in-flight planning and decision making, and his inadequate supervision of the dual student. Factors were the tailwind condition, icing conditions, and the dual student's improper flare.
Factual narrative
On January 12, 1999, at 1153 central standard time, a Gulfstream Commander 695A, N20GT, experienced a hard landing on runway 16 (5,001' X 100' dry/asphalt) near Wheeling, Illinois. The airplane sustained substantial damage. The pilot said that the airframe had some ice contamination and that at the time of the accident there was a 10 knot tailwind. The pilot and three passengers reported no injuries. The 14 CFR Part 91 corporate flight was operating in visual meteorological conditions. The flight departed Columbus, Ohio, at 0930, with an IFR flight plan on file. During an interview with the pilot-in-command, he stated that the airplane was being flown by the owner from the left seat that the time of the hard landing. He said that he was acting as pilot-in-command and giving instruction the other pilot. He said that the landing was hard, but he did not realize that there was any damage until he exited the airplane and saw the wrinkling in the tailcone section of the airplane. He said that the landing was downwind and that there was an accumulation of about 1/8 inch of ice on the leading edges of the wing and horizontal stabilizer. He said there was about 3/16" to 1/4" on the windshield wipers. The instructor pilot said that there was an accumulation of ice on the airframe and the approach to the runway was with a 10 knot tailwind. The dual student flared high and a hard landing followed. After the landing the damage was discovered. When the pilot-in-command looked at the airplane he found 1/8' of ice on the leading edges of the wings and horizontal stabilizer. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1999_CHI99LA064.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (icing). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- NASA NTRS 2026 · Contractor Report (CR)
Icing Physics Studies Using the 3D SIDRM Test Article: 2023 Icing Tests Analysis
In-flight icing is an important safety issue and is a factor that affects aircraft design and performance. Newer regulations are driving a need for improvements in airframe and engine icing simulation…
- arXiv 2025 · arXiv preprint
Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for UAV-Assisted 5G Network Slicing: A Comparative Study of MAPPO, MADDPG, and MADQN
The growing demand for robust, scalable wireless networks in the 5G-and-beyond era has led to the deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as mobile base stations to enhance coverage in dense urb…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Mathematical Model on the Temporal Dynamics of Aviation Competitive Pricing
This study investigates the competitive dynamics of airport pricing using U.S. airport data to validate the findings. It employs linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equation models to analyze t…
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Presentation
NASA Icing Update – March 2025
This NASA Icing Update was prepared for presentation to the SAE International AC-9C Inflight Icing Technology Committee. This update includes the following topics: planned Rotational Icing Scaling tes…
- arXiv 2024 · arXiv preprint
An energy-stable phase-field model for droplet icing simulations
A phase-field model for three-phase flows is established by combining the Navier-Stokes (NS) and the energy equations, with the Allen-Cahn (AC) and Cahn-Hilliard (CH) equations and is demonstrated ana…
- NASA NTRS 2024 · Presentation
NASA Icing Update – Oct 2024
This presentation provides a status update on select NASA icing research activities for the SAE AC-9C Icing Technical Committee Meeting on Oct 21, 2024.
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