NTSB CAROL · Event
Event MIA96LA193
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
failure of the pilot (PIC) to ensure that an adequate preflight inspection was performed; a missing (or loose) fuel cap on the left wing; probable fuel siphoning; and fuel exhaustion, which resulted in a loss of engine power and a subsequent forced landing (ditching) in a river.
Factual narrative
On July 22, 1996, about 1515 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 210L, N1623X, registered to Gallops Inc., Tampa, Florida, operating as a 14 CFR Part 91, positioning flight, en route from St. Petersburg, crashed in the vicinity of Fort Myers, Florida. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The airplane was substantially damaged. The two commercial pilots were not injured. On final approach to runway 13, the pilot stated, that the airplane's engine lost power. The pilot elected to land in a river, and impacted the water about 2.5 miles from the runway. The airplane was being repositioned and was returning to Fort Myers empty. According to the FAA inspector's statement, the recovery crew that had retrieved the airplane from the river, reported that they "drained no fuel" from the airplane's fuel tanks. The only fluid that the recovery crew found in the fuel tanks was "river water." There was no entry on the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, that indicated the amount of fuel onboard the airplane at takeoff. The airplane's owner told the FAA inspector, "...that when the aircraft was lifted from the river the left hand wing fuel cap was missing." The fuel selector valve in the cockpit was found selected to the "left" wing tank. There were no other breaches found throughout the fuel system. The PIC (pilot-in-command) stated that he checked the fuel caps and fuel level during preflight inspection. The copilot told the FAA that the PIC "did not check the fuel level or caps during the preflight, because "there was nothing available for them to use to reach the top of the aircraft wing." The airplane's engine was test run. No discrepancies were found with the engine during the test run. On final approach, the airplane's engine lost power, and a forced landing was made in a river about 2.5 miles from the runway. The recovery crew that had retrieved the airplane from the river, reported that they 'drained no fuel' from the airplane's fuel tanks. The only fluid that the recovery crew found in the fuel tanks was 'river water.' When the airplane was lifted from the river, the left wing fuel cap was missing, and the fuel selector valve was found positioned to the 'left' wing tank. The PIC (pilot-in-command) stated that he checked the fuel caps and fuel level during preflight inspection. However, the copilot indicated that the fuel level and caps were not adequately checked during the preflight, because 'there was nothing available for them to use to reach the top of the aircraft wing.' There were no other breaches found throughout the fuel system. The airplane's engine was operationally checked, and no discrepancies were found during the test run. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1996_MIA96LA193.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
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Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (fuel exhaustion). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- AOPA Air Safety Institute 2023 · Safety advisor
Safety Advisor: Fuel Awareness
AOPA Air Safety Institute safety advisor on preventing fuel-exhaustion and fuel-starvation accidents in general aviation. Covers pre-flight fuel planning, reserve requirements (14 CFR 91.151, 91.167),…
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Abstract
U.S. Civil Rotorcraft Accidents, 1963 through 1997
The U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) has recorded 8,436 rotorcraft accidents during the period mid - 1963 through the end of 1997.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Contractor Report (CR)
A study of carburetor/induction system icing in general aviation accidents
An assessment of the frequency and severity of carburetor/induction icing in general-aviation accidents was performed. The available literature and accident data from the National Transportation Safet…
- NASA NTRS 2018 · Other
Parachuting to Safety
NASA's Langley Research Center awarded Ballistic Recovery Systems, Inc., three Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contracts to research and develop a new, low cost, lightweight recovery system …
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