NTSB CAROL · Event
Event NYC96LA041
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
the pilot's improper inflight planning/decision, and his failure to properly plan his approach for landing, so that the airplane would not stall or touchdown hard. Factors relating to the accident were: the adverse weather (icing) condition, the accumulation of airframe ice, and the pilot's reduced visibility due to the ice covered windshield.
Factual narrative
On December 16, 1995 about 1321 eastern standard time, a Cessna U206G, N6250X, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at Bangor International, Bangor Maine. The commercial pilot and passenger were not injured. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal flight that departed from Millbrook, New York, at 1000, and an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan was filed for the flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. In the NTSB form 6120.1/2, the pilot stated: ...Before departure, I got [a weather] briefing from flight service in Williamsport, PA and filed my IFR flight with them. Around Concord, NH, I received weather conditions in Bangor with possible icing below 10,000 feet and I did not think of it being significant....In the vicinity of Portland, ME, I heard the conversation between the controller and a commuter pilot saying; How is icing? Answer: Coming down through 3000 to 2500 feet, the ice melted. Even though I had some ice on the leading edges and my windshield and my speed was down significantly, I was sure that when I got to lower altitudes, I would lose the ice. I requested lower altitudes from my cruise of 7000 [feet] to 5000 and again to 3000. The icing conditions persisted....[During the landing], with poor forward visibility, I misjudged my height above ground looking through the side window, instead of flying the plane to the ground as it is recommended, and...I applied the first notch of flaps. The plane stalled immediately and landed on the nose gear.... The pilot further reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions with the airplane. Additionally, the Pilot Operating Handbook stated: Flight into icing conditions is prohibited. An inadvertent encounter with these conditions can best be handled using the checklist procedures. The best procedure, of course, is to turn back or change altitude to escape icing conditions. The pilot stated that during the IFR flight, '...Around Concord, NH, I received weather conditions in Bangor with possible icing below 10,000 feet and I did not think of it being significant....Even though I had some ice on the leading edges and my windshield, and my speed was down significantly, I was sure that when I got to lower altitudes, I would lose the ice.... The icing conditions persisted....[During the landing] with poor forward visibility, I misjudged my height above ground looking through the side window, instead of flying the plane to the ground as it is recommended...I applied my first notch of flaps (10 degrees). The plane stalled immediately and landed on the nose gear, came to stop after a bounce.' The Pilot Operating Handbook stated, 'Flight into icing conditions is prohibited....The best procedure, of course, is to turn back or change altitude to escape icing conditions.' Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1995_NYC96LA041.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (icing, stall). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- arXiv 2023 · arXiv preprint
Variation of Critical Crystallization Pressure for the Formation of Square Ice in Graphene Nanocapillaries
Two-dimensional square ice in graphene nanocapillaries at room temperature is a fascinating phenomenon and has been confirmed experimentally.
- arXiv 2022 · arXiv preprint
Enhanced Prediction of Three-dimensional Finite Iced Wing Separated Flow Near Stall
Icing on three-dimensional wings causes severe flow separation near stall. Standard improved delayed detached eddy simulation (IDDES) is unable to correctly predict the separating reattaching flow due…
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Contractor Report (CR)
An Evaluation of an Analytical Simulation of an Airplane with Tailplane Icing by Comparison to Flight Data
This report presents the assessment of an analytical tool developed as part of the NASA/FAA Tailplane Icing Program. The analytical tool is a specialized simulation program called TAILSM4 which was de…
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Technical Publication (TP)
NASA/FAA Tailplane Icing Program: Flight Test Report
This report presents results from research flights that explored the characteristics of an ice-contaminated tailplane using various simulated ice shapes attached to the leading edge of the horizontal …
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Other
[Tail Plane Icing]
The Aviation Safety Program initiated by NASA in 1997 has put greater emphasis in safety related research activities. Ice-contaminated-tailplane stall (ICTS) has been identified by the NASA Lewis Icin…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2019 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Airport Policing in Pakistan: Structure, Training, and Issue
Airports are strategically and economically important installations of any country. Airports are the gateway of any country and any incidents at these gateways may harm the very aspects of a country i…
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