NTSB CAROL · Event
Event FTW04CA163
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The student pilot's improper recovery from a bounced landing.
Factual narrative
On June 16, 2004, approximately 1305 central daylight time, a Cessna 172 single-engine airplane, N2101M, was substantially damaged during a hard landing on runway 17 at the Collin County Regional Airport (TKI), near McKinney, Texas. The student pilot, sole occupant of the airplane, was not injured. The airplane was registered to a private individual and operated by Monarch Air, of McKinney, Texas. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a flight plan was not filed for the 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 instructional flight. The solo flight originated from TKI approximately 1245. The 14-hour student pilot reported to the NTSB investigator-in-charge (IIC) that after completing a series of touch-and-go landings on runway 17 (7,001-feet long and 100-feet wide asphalt runway), with his instructor, they discussed the solo flight. On the first solo landing on runway 17, the student pilot executed a "go-around" because he was too high. The second landing was uneventful. On his third landing, as the main landing gear touched down on the runway, "the airplane tried to yaw to the right." The student pilot stated that he corrected the yaw, and "dropped the nose of the airplane too fast. The force of the nose gear contacting the runway caused the airplane to bounce back into the air." The student pilot attempted to stop the bounce, but "no amount of correction would stop [the airplane] until the nose gear strut bent" and the airplane skidded off the side of the runway" to the right. The flight instructor reported to the NTSB IIC that after completing five touch-and-go landings, one go-around, and one full-stop landing, he had the student taxi back to a ramp area. The instructor briefed the student and felt confident that the student could safely accomplish his first solo flight. After making the appropriate endorsements in the student's logbook, the instructor told the student to "go around the traffic pattern three times and then taxi back to parking." The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector, who responded to the accident site, reported that the nose gear was crushed upwards and aft into the engine, engine firewall, and floorboard of the airplane. Both propeller blades were bent. The control yoke was pulled back and bent downward approximately 20 degrees, and could not be moved. The student pilot was on his first solo and was performing touch-and-go's. On his third landing, as the main landing gear touched down on the runway, "the airplane tried to yaw to the right." The student pilot stated that he corrected the yaw and "dropped the nose of the airplane too fast. The force of the nose gear contacting the runway caused the airplane to bounce back into the air." The student pilot attempted to stop the bounce but the airplane continued to bounce and "no amount of correction would stop [the airplane] until the nose gear strut bent" and the airplane skidded off the side of the runway" to the right. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2004_FTW04CA163.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (go-around). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Conference Paper
Crash Testing and Simulation of a Cessna 172 Aircraft: Pitch Down Impact Onto Soft Soil
During the summer of 2015, NASA Langley Research Center conducted three full-scale crash tests of Cessna 172 (C-172) aircraft at the NASA Langley Landing and Impact Research (LandIR) Facility.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Technical Memorandum (TM)
Simulating the Impact Response of Three Full-Scale Crash Tests of Cessna 172 Aircraft
During the summer of 2015, a series of three full-scale crash tests were performed at the Landing and Impact Research Facility located at NASA Langley Research Center of Cessna 172 aircraft.
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Conference Paper
A Training Study to Improve Monitoring During A Go-Around
As part of an FAA program to improve go-around (GA) safety, we were asked to determine if we could improve the performance of the Pilot Monitoring (PM) during a GA maneuver.
- Flight Safety Foundation 2024 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Go-Around Safety Forum Findings
Foundation Go-Around Safety Forum technical findings — examines why pilots fail to execute go-arounds when criteria are met (stabilized approach gate not met, energy state out of envelope, traffic con…
- Semantic Scholar 2022 · Article (Journal of Safety Research)
Go-around accidents and general aviation safety.
INTRODUCTION Changes in General Aviation (GA) accident rates, specifically in the go-around phase, are examined by comparing the number of accidents, the proportion of fatal accidents, and the proport…
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Aerospace)
Classification and Analysis of Go-Arounds in Commercial Aviation Using ADS-B Data
Go-arounds are a necessary aspect of commercial aviation and are conducted after a landing attempt has been aborted. It is necessary to conduct go-arounds in the safest possible manner, as go-arounds …
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