NTSB CAROL · Event
Event FTW98LA090
Registry · N2343T
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
PIPER PA-28-140
Year of manufacture
1971 · 26 years old at event
Engine
LYCOMING 0-320 SERIES (180 hp)
Seats / Engines
4 seats · 1 engine
Last airworthiness date
19710924
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A21A2F
Registrant of record
MANIRE CHRISTINE D
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
the pilot's inadequate compensation for wind conditions and failure to maintain directional control of the airplane. Related factors were: the gusty crosswind condition, icy runway, and proximity of the snowbank.
Factual narrative
On December 27, 1997, at 1420 mountain standard time, a Piper PA-28-140 airplane, N2343T, registered to and operated by a private individual, collided with a snow bank following a loss of control during the landing roll on runway 24 at the Sierra Blanca Regional Airport near Ruidoso, New Mexico. The airplane sustained substantial damage, and the private pilot and his passenger were not injured. No flight plan was filed and visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the Title 14 CFR Part 91 personal cross country flight that departed San Angelo, Texas, at 1250 central standard time. In a written statement provided to the NTSB investigator-in-charge, the pilot reported that at the time of the landing the Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) at the airport was reporting "winds 290 degrees at 10 gusting to 21." He stated that at an "airspeed of approx. 55-60 mph, both main wheels [were] just on the ground [when] the airplane was pushed to the left by sudden gust." He further stated that there were "unexpected" patches of "icy" snow on the runway, and "the left main gear went into the snow bank (approx. 2 foot deep)." The airplane then turned to the left, "plowed" into the snow, and "came to a stop in approx. 50-60 feet." The pilot reported to the New Mexico State Police that during the landing roll on the "icy runway, a gust of wind caught the plane and pushed it off the runway and into the snow bound shoulder." According to the log kept by airport personnel, at the time of the accident, the winds were from 280 degrees at 13 knots gusting to 17 knots. The log indicated that the winds 8 minutes after the accident were from 280 degrees at 11 knots gusting to 17 knots, and 41 minutes after the accident, the winds were from 300 degrees at 13 knots gusting to 18 knots. The FAA inspector who examined the airplane reported that the propeller blades were bent, the leading edges of both wings were damaged, and the left wing appeared to be displaced aft. During the landing roll on an icy runway, the airplane exited the left side of the runway and impacted a snow bank. According to the pilot, a 'sudden gust' of wind 'pushed' the airplane to the left. The pilot reported that at the time of the landing on runway 24, the Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) at the airport was reporting winds from 290 degrees at 10 knots gusting to 21 knots. According to the log kept by airport personnel at the time of the accident, the winds were from 280 degrees at 13 knots gusting to 17 knots. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1997_FTW98LA090.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (loss of control). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Scoping Review of Aviation Loss of Control Inflight Research
Loss of control – inflight (LOC-I) contributes to aircraft accidents at unacceptably high rates. Significant industry efforts and research have aimed to improve LOC-I prevention, detection, and recove…
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Loss of Control In-Flight (LOC-I) — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary comprehensive knowledge-base entry on Loss of Control In-Flight — definitions, contributing factors, accident case studies (Air France 447, Colgan 3407), and prevention strategies.
- NTSB Aircraft Accident Reports 2022 · Accident report
Loss of Control on Takeoff in Icing Conditions — Citation 560XL
Cessna Citation 560XL fatal takeoff icing accident, March 2018. Investigation of a Citation 560XL loss-of-control takeoff accident in icing conditions.
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Aviation)
ANALYSIS OF GENERAL AVIATION FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS INVOLVING INFLIGHT LOSS OF CONTROL USING A STATE-BASED APPROACH
Inflight loss of control (LOC-I) is a significant cause of General Aviation (GA) fixed-wing aircraft accidents. The United States National Transportation Safety Board’s database provides a rich source…
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Presentation
Use of Design of Experiments in Determining Neural Network Architectures for Loss of Control Detection
Abstract—We describe empirical methods for selecting a neural network architecture to implement belief state inference on generic commercial transport aircraft.
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Conference Paper
Use of Design of Experiments in Determining Neural Network Architectures for Loss of Control Detection
We describe empirical methods for selecting a neural network architecture to implement belief state inference on generic commercial transport aircraft.
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