NTSB CAROL · Event
Event NYC91LA098
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
IMPROPER CONTROL RESPONSE BY THE PILOT, WHEN ENCOUNTERING ADVERSE WIND CONDITIONS, WHICH RESULTED IN A HARD LANDING. CONTRIBUTING TO THE ACCIDENT WAS THE LIMITED EXPERIENCE OF THE PILOT IN THIS TYPE OF AIRPLANE.
Factual narrative
THE PILOT EXPERIENCED GUSTY WIND CONDITIONS AS HE APPROACHED THE RUNWAY THRESHOLD FOR LANDING. HE STATED, 'I EXPERIENCED...CROSSWIND COMING FROM THE WEST...THE AIRCRAFT SUDDENLY...PITCH UPWARDS...I IMMEDIATELY APPLIED FORWARD YOKE...THE AIRCRAFT BEGAN TO RAPIDLY PITCH DOWN IMPACTING THE GROUND.' THE FAA INSPECTOR SAID, '...THE STUDENT PILOT LOST CONTROL OF THE AIRCRAFT AT 40 FT., WHILE ATTEMPTING TO LAND IN GUSTY CROSSWIND CONDITIONS.' THE PILOT HAD LIMITED EXPERIENCE IN FIXED WING AIRPLANES. NEARLY ALL HIS FLIGHT TIME HAS BEEN IN MILITARY HELICOPTERS. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1991_NYC91LA098.txt.
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- NASA NTRS 2021 · Poster
Sleep, Sleepiness, and Performance Across Three In-Flight Bunk Rest Opportunities
Introduction: Airline pilots are required to take a rest break in a bunk during long-haul flights in an effort to reduce sleepiness during critical phases of flight.
- Semantic Scholar 2020 · Article (Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy)
Routine opioid outcome monitoring in community pharmacy: Outcomes from an open-label single-arm implementation-effectiveness pilot study.
BACKGROUND In response to rising harms with prescription opioids, recent attention has focused on how to better utilise community pharmacists to monitor outcomes with opioid medicines.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2011 · Journal article (JAAER)
System Safety Study: Pedagogical Aviation Action Research
Action Research (AR) is a scientific methodology whereby researchers participate in a research setting for data collection and problem resolution.
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