NTSB CAROL · Event
Event ERA23LA165
Registry · N541SP
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
PIPER PA-28-151
Seats / Engines
4 seats · 1 engine
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A6DD41
Registrant of record
RED BARON RENTALS LLC
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll in gusting crosswind conditions, which resulted in a runway excursion and an impact with a ditch.
Factual narrative
The pilot reported that following a local flight, the approach to landing and touchdown were normal, however, as he applied wheel brakes, the airplane veered to the right. He attempted to correct with left rudder and brake application but was unable to stop the right veer. Subsequently, the airplane exited the runway to the right and impacted a drainage ditch about 175 ft from the runway’s edge, which resulted in substantial damage to the fuselage and engine mounts. The pilot reported that this was the first landing of the flight, and no anomalies were noted with the brakes or flight controls prior to the landing. He recalled that during the runway excursion, shortly before impacting the ditch, the airplane straightened out and stopped the right turn. Shortly after the accident, the wings were removed for recovery which prevented the investigation from determining whether air was present in the brake lines. Photographs of the main landing gear wheels, brakes, and brake lines revealed no evidence of catastrophic mechanical failures or evidence that brake lines had become disconnected. Review of maintenance records found no evidence of recent brake work, and the endorsements showed that the brake fluid reservoir was serviced routinely. The operator and pilot both submitted a National Transportation Safety Board Aircraft Accident Incident Report (6120.1) and neither party reported that there were mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane. About the time of the accident, the automated weather observing system reported wind 220° at 9 knots, gusting to 15 knots, which was a direct crosswind for the landing runway 13. It is likely that the airplane encountered a crosswind gust during the landing roll, which resulted in the airplane veering right toward the direction of the crosswind. This conclusion is further supported by the pilot’s report that the airplane straightened out, once the crosswind became a headwind, shortly before its collision with the ditch. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Directional control-Not attained/maintained
- — Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Wind-Crosswind-Response/compensation
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2023_ERA23LA165.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (runway excursion, maintenance). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2026 · Journal article (IJAAA)
From Reactive to Predictive: A hybrid Trust-Mediated Adoption Framework for Data-Driven Maintenance in Distributed-Authority Aviation Environments
Modern aviation maintenance operates within increasingly data-intensive technological environments, yet the operational integration of predictive maintenance into routine decision-making remains incon…
- Semantic Scholar 2025 · Article (Applied Sciences)
Decision-Making Framework for Aviation Safety in Predictive Maintenance Strategies
The implementation of predictive maintenance (PM) in aviation presents unique challenges due to strict safety requirements, complex operational environments, and regulatory constraints.
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Runway Excursion — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary runway excursion review — RE-OE (overruns) + RE-LO (lateral). Risk drivers: long landing, high approach speed, contaminated surface, tailwind, mis-set autobrakes.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (JAAER)
Low-Resource Automatic Speech Recognition Domain Adaptation – A Case-Study in Aviation Maintenance
With timeliness and efficiency being critical in the aviation maintenance industry, the need has been growing for smart technological solutions that optimize and streamline the different underlying ta…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (JAAER)
A New Trajectory in UAV Safety: Leveraging Reinforcement Learning for Distance Maintenance Under Wind Variations
In the field of aviation, safety is a critical cornerstone, and the operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems is deeply connected with this principle.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Just Culture in Aviation: A Metaphorical Study on Aircraft Maintenance Students
Just Culture, a sub-dimension of safety culture, has been a prominent and debated topic in aviation safety in recent years.
Browse the full corpus — academia portal ↗