NTSB CAROL · Event
Event WPR13CA097
Registry · N223PE
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
CESSNA 140
Year of manufacture
1946 · 67 years old at event
Engine
CONT MOTOR C85 SERIES (85 hp)
Seats / Engines
2 seats · 1 engine
Last airworthiness date
20031216
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A1ED70
Registrant of record
MILLER JAMES L
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll and his excessive application of brakes, which resulted in a noseover.
Factual narrative
The pilot stated that he was returning to the departure airport and completed a normal traffic pattern for the active runway. After touchdown, he attempted to hasten the landing roll and exit off the runway at the first turnoff to accommodate the airplane that was landing after him. The tail wheel and rudder began to shimmy and in response he manipulated the control wheel forward. He then applied brake pressure in an attempt to make the exit and the airplane lurched forward, coming to rest inverted on the runway. The wings, fuselage, and rudder were substantially damaged. The pilot stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. He additionally reported that he thought the accident may have been prevented if he increased his yearly flying time and flew with an instructor more frequently. The pilot stated that he was returning to the departure airport and completed a normal traffic pattern for the active runway. After touchdown, he attempted to hasten the landing roll and exit off the runway at the first turnoff to accommodate the airplane that was landing after him. The tailwheel and rudder began to shimmy and, in response, the pilot manipulated the control wheel forward. He then applied brake pressure in an attempt to make the exit, and the airplane lurched forward, coming to rest inverted on the runway. The wings, fuselage, and rudder were substantially damaged. The pilot stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. He additionally reported that he thought the accident may have been prevented if he increased his yearly flying time and flew with an instructor more frequently. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- C Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-(general)-Pilot - C
- C Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Directional control-Not attained/maintained - C
- C Aircraft-Aircraft systems-Landing gear system-Landing gear brakes system-Incorrect use/operation - C
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2013_WPR13CA097.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type. Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- arXiv 2024 · arXiv preprint
On the shape of ice stalagmites
The growth of ice stalagmites obtained by the solidification of impacting droplets on a cooled substrate ($-50^{\circ}$C to $-140^{\circ}$C) is investigated experimentally.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Conference Paper
Particulate Emissions Hazards Associated with Fueling Heat Engines
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- NASA NTRS 2016 · Conference Paper
United Airlines LOFT training
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- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2016 · Conference paper
Late Morning Concurrent Sessions: Innovations in Aviation Technologies: Presentation: Wingsuit Materials Research – The Effect of Currently Used Materials on Wingsuit Aerodynamics.
While wingsuit flight is exhilarating and one of the fastest growing facets of sport skydiving, current wingsuit performance is poor at best.
- NASA NTRS 2013 · Conference Paper
Thermodynamic and fluid mechanic analysis of rapid pressurization in a dead-end tube
Three models have been applied to very rapid compression of oxygen in a dead-ended tube. Pressures as high as 41 MPa (6000 psi) leading to peak temperatures of 1400 K are predicted.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2003 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Safer Sky: An Examination of Factors Affecting Flight Safety in Taiwan
On April 26, 1994, China Airlines (CAL) Flight 140, service from Taipei, Taiwan to Nagoya, Japan, crashed near Nagoya International Airport while attempting an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach…
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