Aviation research, sourced & cited.

Differential Pressures on a Pitot-venturi and a Pitot-static Nozzle over 360 Degrees Pitch and Yaw

Measurements of the differential pressures on two navy air-speed nozzles, consisting of a Zahm type Pitot-Venturi tube and a SQ-16 two-pronged Pitot-static tube, in a tunnel air stream of fixed speed at various angles of…

Calibrations of Pitot-static Tubes at High Speeds

Altitude deviations: Breakdowns of an error-tolerant system

Pilot reports of aviation incidents to the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) provide a window on the problems occurring in today's airline cockpits.

Airborne derivation of microburst alerts from ground-based Terminal Doppler Weather Radar information: A flight evaluation

An element of the NASA/FAA windshear program is the integration of ground-based microburst information on the flight deck, to support airborne windshear alerting and microburst avoidance.

Cognitive engineering in aerospace application: Pilot interaction with cockpit automation

Because of recent incidents involving glass-cockpit aircraft, there is growing concern with cockpit automation and its potential effects on pilot performance.

An evaluation of software tools for the design and development of cockpit displays

The use of all-glass cockpits at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) simulation facility has changed the means of design, development, and maintenance of instrument displays.

Synthetic vision display evaluation studies

The goal of this research was to help us understand the display requirements for a synthetic vision system for the High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT).

Parallel runway requirement analysis study. Volume 1: The analysis

The correlation of increased flight delays with the level of aviation activity is well recognized. A main contributor to these flight delays has been the capacity of airports.

Eagle RTS: A design for a regional transport aircraft

This university design project concerns the Eagle RTS (Regional Transport System), a 66 passenger, twin turboprop aircraft with a range of 836 nautical miles.

Improvement of fatigue life of an aluminum alloy by overstressing

Fatigue tests were made on some 1.375-inch-diameter and 0.300-inch diameter specimens of a 17S-T aluminum alloy rod. One test of a large specimen was run continuously to failure at a maximum stress of 22,000 pounds per s…

Distributed Optimal Guidance Laws for Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Attacking A Moving Target

In this paper, two cooperative guidance laws based on two-point boundary value are designed to deal with the problem of cooperative encirclement and simultaneous attack under condition of both known target acceleration a…

Analytical Modeling of UAV-to-Vehicle Propagation Channels in Built-Up Areas

This letter presents an analytical path loss model for air-ground (AG) propagation between unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground-based vehicles. We consider built-up areas, such as the ones defined by ITU-R.

Results of a sub-scale model rotor icing test

A heavily instrumented sub-scale model of a helicopter main rotor was tested in the NASA Lewis Research Center Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) in September and November 1989.

Performance of the Research Animal Holding Facility (RAHF) and General Purpose Work Station (GPWS) and other hardware in the microgravity environment

This paper discusses the performance of the Research Animal Holding Facility (RAHF) and General Purpose Work Station (GPWS) plus other associated hardware during the recent flight of Spacelab Life Sciences 1 (SLS-1).

Spacelab Life Sciences 1, development towards successive life sciences flights

A general review is presented of flight data and related hardware developments for Spacelab Life Sciences (SLS) 1 with an eye toward applying this knowledge to projected flight planning.

Reliability analysis techniques for engine-out failures in main propulsion systems

Reliability formulas are derived for a liquid main propulsion system consisting of n engines, which allows for mission success in the event a single-engine controlled shutdown occurs afer some given time.

Shuttle abort landing site emergency medical services

NASA and DOD studies of medical-planning and logistical problems are reviewed as applicable to providing emergency medical care at remote transoceanic abort landing (TAL) sites.

A simple, analytical, axisymmetric microburst model for downdraft estimation

A simple analytical microburst model was developed for use in estimating vertical winds from horizontal wind measurements. It is an axisymmetric, steady state model that uses shaping functions to satisfy the mass continu…

Design methodology for a community response questionnaire on sonic boom exposure

A preliminary draft questionnaire concerning community response to sonic booms was developed. Interviews were conducted in two communities that had experienced supersonic overflights of the SR-71 airplane for several yea…

Experimental water droplet impingement data on modern aircraft surfaces

An experimental method has been developed to determine the water droplet impingement characteristics on two- and three-dimensional aircraft surfaces.

Automated flight test management system

The Phase 1 development of an automated flight test management system (ATMS) as a component of a rapid prototyping flight research facility for artificial intelligence (AI) based flight concepts is discussed.

NDE research efforts at the FAA Center for Aviation Systems Reliability

The Center for Aviation Systems Reliability (FAA-CASR), a part of the Institute for Physical Research and Technology at Iowa State University, began operation in the Fall of 1990 with funding from the FAA.

Certification of damage tolerant composite structure

A reliability based certification testing methodology for impact damage tolerant composite structure was developed. Cocured, adhesively bonded, and impact damaged composite static strength and fatigue life data were stat…

Dual towline spin-recovery device

A device which corrects aerodynamic spin is described wherein a parachute exerts antispin forces on an aircraft to effect spin recovery.

Flutter clearance of the Schweizer 1-36 deep-stall sailplane

A Schweizer 1-36 sailplane was modified for a controlled, deep-stall flight program. This modification allowed the horizontal stabilizer to pivot as much as 70 deg leading edge down.

Bifurcation techniques for nonlinear dynamic analysis of compressor stall phenomena

Compressor stall phenomena is analyzed from nonlinear control theory viewpoint, based on bifurcation-catastrophe techniques. This new approach appears promising and offers insight into such well known compressor instabil…

Flight crew performance when pilot-flying and pilot-not-flying duties are exchanged

This study compares reports from the ASRS database depicting operational anomalies related to flight crew performance when pilot-flying and pilot-not-flying duties were exchanged.

Analysis of Convair 990 rejected-takeoff accident with emphasis on decision making, training and procedures

This paper analyzes a NASA Convair 990 (CV-990) accident with emphasis on rejected-takeoff (RTO) decision making, training, procedures, and accident statistics.

Aircraft accident report: NASA 712, Convair 990, N712NA, March Air Force Base, California, July 17, 1985, facts and analysis

On July 17, l985, at 1810 P.d.t., NASA 712, a Convair 990 aircraft, was destroyed by fire at March Air Force Base, California. The fire started during the rollout after the pilot rejected the takeoff on runway 32.

The development of a Space Shuttle General Purpose Work Station (GPWS)

The GPWS being developed for the Life Sciences Laboratory to be flown on the fourth Spacelab mission in late 1985 is characterized, and results from Phase I and Phase II tests are reported.

Improved computer simulation of the TCAS 3 circular array mounted on an aircraft

The Traffic advisory and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is being developed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to assist aircraft pilots in mid-air collision avoidance.

Rocket engine failure detection using system identification techniques

The theoretical foundation and application of two univariate failure detection algorithms to Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) test firing data is presented.

Failure analysis of a Stirling engine heat pipe

Failure analysis was conducted on a heat pipe from a Stirling Engine test rig which was designed to operate at 1073 K. Premature failure had occurred due to localized overheating at the leading edge of the evaporator fin…

Dual-fuel, dual-mode rocket engine

The invention relates to a dual fuel, dual mode rocket engine designed to improve the performance of earth-to-orbit vehicles. For any vehicle that operates from the earth's surface to earth orbit, it is advantageous to u…

Constitutive modelling of single crystal and directionally solidified superalloys

The trend towards improved engine efficiency and durability places increasing demands on materials that operate in the hot section of the gas turbine engine.

Analysis of extreme wind shear

New methods utilizing extreme value statistical theory are applied in the analysis of the largest wind component shear in a wind profile as a function of shear layer thickness and season.

Analysis of aircraft performance during lateral maneuvering for microburst avoidance

Aircraft response to a severe and a moderate three-dimensional microburst model using nonlinear numerical simulations of a Boeing 737-100 is studied.

Analysis of aircraft control strategies for microburst encounter

Analyses have indicated that improved control strategies could reduce the threat posed by the presence of microburst-type wind shear during aircraft takeoffs and landings.

A simplified model of the turbulent microburst

A simple model was developed to describe the low altitude shear associated with a microburst (or small downburst) in the atmosphere. Such microbursts are thought to be the cause of convective radial flows near the ground…

Airborne Doppler radar detection of low altitude windshear

NASA and the FAA, as part of a joint research effort aimed at the development of airborne sensor technology for low altitude windshear detection during aircraft takeoffs and landings, are giving attention to the potentia…

Lightning attachment patterns and flight conditions experienced by the NASA F-106B airplane from 1980 to 1983

The direct lightning strike data and associated flight conditions recorded from 1980 to 1983 during 742 thunderstorm penetrations with a NASA F-106B in Oklahoma and Virginia are studied with an emphasis on aircraft prote…

Satellite contributions to convective scale weather analysis and forecasting

Severe weather phenomena which are amenable to remote sensing by satellite instruments and having resolution fine enough to discern mesoscale features are described.

Effects of digital altimetry on pilot workload

A series of VOR-DME instrument landing approaches was flown in the DC-9 full-workload simulator to compare pilot performance, scan behavior, and workload when using a computer-drum-pointer altimeter (CDPA) and a digital …

Crew procedures and workload of retrofit concepts for microwave landing system

Crew procedures and workload for Microwave Landing Systems (MLS) that could be retrofitted into existing transport aircraft were evaluated. Two MLS receiver concepts were developed.

Human workload in aviation

The application of human-factors analysis techniques to the evaluation of aircraft-crew workloads is discussed in an introductory overview.

Human factors issues associated with the use of speech technology in the cockpit

The human factors issues associated with the use of voice technology in the cockpit are summarized. The formulation of the LHX avionics suite is described and the allocation of tasks to voice in the cockpit is discussed.…

A methodology for the assessment of manned flight simulator fidelity

A relatively simple analytical methodology for assessing the fidelity of manned flight simulators for specific vehicles and tasks is offered.

Analysis procedures and subjective flight results of a simulator validation and cue fidelity experiment

A joint experiment to investigate simulator validation and cue fidelity was conducted by the Dryden Flight Research Facility of NASA Ames Research Center (Ames-Dryden) and NASA Langley Research Center.

Rotorcraft digital advanced avionics system (RODAAS) functional description

A functional design of a rotorcraft digital advanced avionics system (RODAAS) to transfer the technology developed for general aviation in the Demonstration Advanced Avionics System (DAAS) program to rotorcraft operation…

Yaw and spin effects on high intensity sound generation and on drag of training projectiles with ring cavities

Projectiles containing axisymmetric ring cavities constitute aeroacoustic sources. These produce high intensity tones which are used for coding in the SAWE (Simulation of Area Weapons Effects) system.