NTSB CAROL · Event
Event CEN25LA252
Registry · N3181V
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
BEECH 35
Year of manufacture
1947 · 78 years old at event
Engine
CONT MOTOR E185 SERIES (205 hp)
Seats / Engines
4 seats · 1 engine
Last airworthiness date
19551020
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A36718
Registrant of record
SITKINS AMBER A
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The student pilot’s failure to attain a proper airspeed and climb attitude during takeoff, which led to the airplane exceeding its critical angle of attack and experiencing an aerodynamic stall. Contributing to the accident were the student pilot’s lack of experience and poor judgement.
Factual narrative
During a personal flight, the student pilot, with a passenger, attempted a takeoff from a private grass airstrip that was 2,000 ft in length. The runway had an upward slope during its initial 1,000 ft with the steepest slope occurring during its initial 700 ft. A witness stated that the engine sounded normal and the airplane’s acceleration was slow during the uphill takeoff roll. The airplane lifted off about 900 ft down the runway and entered a nose-high attitude followed by what appeared to be an aerodynamic stall. The airplane descended, impacted terrain, and sustained substantial damage to the fuselage and both wings. The pilot stated that the accident could have been prevented by extending the wing flaps after considering a change in density altitude. The Airplane Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-3C), Chapter 6, stated that the use of wing flaps is predicated on whether a takeoff is from a short/soft field. Two of the student pilot’s flight instructors stated that they advised the student pilot not to use the accident airplane to learn how to fly. Both flight instructors used a Piper PA-28-140, in preparation for the student pilot to fly solo. One of the flight instructors said that a Piper PA-28-140 was more appropriate to learn in, and the student pilot tended to aggressively get the airplane airborne during takeoff. There were no pilot logbook(s) that were provided showing that the student pilot had current student pilot endorsement(s) to fly the accident airplane and to fly to/from the airstrip. The pilot stated there was no mechanical malfunction failure of the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Student/instructed pilot
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Airspeed-Not attained/maintained
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Angle of attack-Not attained/maintained
- — Personnel issues-Experience/knowledge-Experience/qualifications-(general)-Student/instructed pilot
- — Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Student/instructed pilot
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2025_CEN25LA252.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (stall). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
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Atlas Air 3591 crashed into Trinity Bay, Texas, February 23, 2019. Investigation of the in-flight loss-of-control crash of Atlas Air 3591 into Trinity Bay, Texas.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
Editor's Note: Celebrating 35 Years of Scholarly Excellence
A letter from the editor, Dr. Dahai Liu, on the JAAER's 35th anniversary.
- NASA NTRS 2024 · Presentation
Part 135 and Business Operator Low Altitude Events: An Analysis of ASRS Reports
This presentation provides an aviation SME's human factors analysis of selected Low Altitude and Controlled Flight Towards Terrain (CFTT) events involving Part 135 and business jet operators as report…
- NASA NTRS 2022 · Conference Paper
The In-time Aviation Safety Management System Concept for Part 135 Operators
Transformations of the National Airspace System, such as envisioned with Advanced Air Mobility, will enable improvements for managing and assuring safety for Part 135 transportation of passengers and …
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2020 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Analysis of Part 135 Aircraft Accidents to Facilitate Flight Data Monitoring
The scheduled and on-demand air services with Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 135 certificate are operating with relatively less stringent safety program criteria compared to Part 121 …
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