NTSB CAROL · Event
Event ERA20LA234
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot’s impairment or distraction due to an acute stroke, which resulted in an unstabilized approach and subsequent loss of airplane control during landing.
Factual narrative
HISTORY OF FLIGHTOn July 1, 2020, about 1030 eastern daylight time, an Evektor-Aerotechnik AS Sportstar, N820NG, was substantially when it was involved in an accident near Ocala, Florida. The pilot was fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. According to local law enforcement officials, the pilot was returning to Leeward Air Ranch Airport, Ocala, Florida (FD04) following a morning flight to Williston, Florida. A witness reported that the airplane was landing on runway 18; however, it was higher than normal on final approach. The airplane touched down “quite a way” down the runway, bounced, came back down, and bounced a second time. The airplane then banked to the left and went out of sight at the left side of the runway. Another witness observed the airplane while taking a break from working on this home. He observed the airplane flying southbound and flying “very low” while trying to land. The right, main tire hit the ground, the airplane bounced, flipped over, and came to a stop. PERSONNEL INFORMATIONThe pilot’s logbook was not located after the accident; however, a signed insurance application, dated August 23, 2019, was located. The pilot reported on the application that the airplane was based at FD04. The last flight review on the application was in October 2017 (no specific date indicated). WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATIONAn inspector with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) responded to the accident site and examined the wreckage. The wreckage was found inverted at a 61° nose-low angle and there was no fire. The fuselage and both wings were structurally damaged. The airplane came to rest about 2,500 ft down runway 18, and about 200 ft east of the runway, in a grassy area. The wreckage was recovered to a salvage facility where it was examined by an NTSB investigator. The airframe was intact; the engine was had impact damage signatures and was positioned on the front seats by recovery personnel. The leading edge of both wings had impact damage. The flaps were attached to the wings; however, both flap connecting rods were fractured. The ailerons were attached to the wings and were unremarkable. The empennage was unremarkable. Flight control continuity was established to all components. The rudder cable and elevator torque tube were cut by recovery personnel. A visual examination of the engine revealed no anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. The top spark plugs were removed and showed normal wear when compared to a Champion inspection chart. Compression and suction were established on all cylinders and valve action was correct. All three propeller blades were fractured off at the hub. Both carburetors were fractured at their mounts and partially attached by cables. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATIONAccording to the Florida Medical Examiner’s Office District 5 & 24 (Citrus, Hernando, Lake, Marion, Seminole, and Sumter Counties), Leesburg, Florida, autopsy report, the cause of death was multiple blunt force injuries due to the aircraft crash and the manner of death was accident. Toxicology testing performed by the FAA Forensic Sciences Laboratory detected the nonimpairing compounds loratadine, desloratadine, and metoprolol in the pilot’s cavity blood and liver tissue. Acetone, which can be produced postmortem, was detected in cavity blood. The medical examiner reported that the pilot had an enlarged heart (420 grams), hardening of kidney arteries, and a 1-by-1-cm area of hemorrhage within the left basal ganglia indicative of an acute lacunar stroke. The 78-year-old female sport pilot did not have a FAA medical certificate nor had she ever applied for one. According to personal medical records, the pilot had a primary care visit 1 week prior to the accident. At that time, the pilot was 65 inches tall and weighed 178 pounds. Her medical diagnoses included high blood pressure, hypothyroidism, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and high cholesterol. She was prescribed hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol, quinapril, and clonidine to treat high blood pressure. In 2018, a CT scan of her brain had shown a small amount of microvascular disease and old infarcts. The 78-year-old pilot was landing following a cross-country flight. Witnesses’ accounts indicated that the final approach was unstabilized, the pilot did not attempt a go-around, and the airplane bounced after landing long down the runway. The pilot subsequently lost airplane control and the airplane came to rest inverted in a grassy area about 2,500 ft down and 200 ft east of the runway. Examination of the wreckage did not reveal evidence of a preaccident malfunction or anomaly. The pilot held no Federal Aviation Administration medical certificate, nor was she required to. Autopsy findings showed an acute stroke in her left basal ganglia, as well as an enlarged heart and hypertensive kidney disease. Personal medical records showed the pilot was being treated for hypertension, a major risk factor for stroke, with four medications needed to control her blood pressure. Symptoms of a basal ganglia stroke can include a sudden severe headache, one-sided numbness and weakness, double vision, and loss of coordination; symptoms typically occur over minutes to hours. While it is unknown what symptoms the pilot may have experienced, given the operational aspects of this accident, impairment or distraction would be likely from an acutely evolving stroke. Thus, the pilot’s stroke likely contributed to this accident. Postmortem toxicology testing did not detect any sedating or impairing medications in the pilot’s cavity blood or liver tissue. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Landing flare-Not attained/maintained
- — Personnel issues-Physical-Impairment/incapacitation-Cardiovascular-Pilot
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2020_ERA20LA234.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (go-around, unstabilized approach). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2023 · Conference paper
Utilizing Deep Learning to Predict Unstabilized Approaches for General Aviation Aircraft
Unstabilized approaches pose a major hazard for general aviation aircraft. In the period from 2009 to 2019, 3,257 general aviation accidents occurred during the landing phase of flight in which loss o…
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Conference Paper
A Training Study to Improve Monitoring During A Go-Around
As part of an FAA program to improve go-around (GA) safety, we were asked to determine if we could improve the performance of the Pilot Monitoring (PM) during a GA maneuver.
- Flight Safety Foundation 2024 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Go-Around Safety Forum Findings
Foundation Go-Around Safety Forum technical findings — examines why pilots fail to execute go-arounds when criteria are met (stabilized approach gate not met, energy state out of envelope, traffic con…
- Semantic Scholar 2022 · Article (Journal of Safety Research)
Go-around accidents and general aviation safety.
INTRODUCTION Changes in General Aviation (GA) accident rates, specifically in the go-around phase, are examined by comparing the number of accidents, the proportion of fatal accidents, and the proport…
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Aerospace)
Classification and Analysis of Go-Arounds in Commercial Aviation Using ADS-B Data
Go-arounds are a necessary aspect of commercial aviation and are conducted after a landing attempt has been aborted. It is necessary to conduct go-arounds in the safest possible manner, as go-arounds …
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Accepted Manuscript (Version with final changes)
Go-Around Criteria Refinement for Transport Category Aircraft
Presently, airline pilots are trained to go around if, when lower than 500 ft above the ground, they are outside of a handful of parameters such as airspeed, position, and rate of descent.
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