NTSB CAROL · Event
Event GAA19CA227
Registry · N4257A
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
MAULE M-7-235C
Seats / Engines
4 seats · 1 engine
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A51180
Registrant of record
REGISTRATION PENDING
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during landing in gusting wind conditions, which resulted in a runway excursion and collision with a culvert.
Factual narrative
The pilot in the tailwheel-equipped airplane reported that during landing, the airplane encountered a "strong" wind gust. The airplane touched down on the left side of the runway centerline. When the tailwheel touched down, the pilot felt as though the airplane was being pushed further to the left side of the runway. He recalled that the right wing lifted, and the airplane veered to the left. He applied right rudder, and he leveled the wings, but the airplane exited the left side of the runway and impacted a drainage culvert. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The METAR for the accident airport reported that about the time of the accident, the wind was from 260° at 11 knots, and gusting to 16 knots. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 25. The pilot in the tailwheel-equipped airplane reported that, during landing, the airplane encountered a "strong" wind gust. The airplane touched down on the left side of the runway centerline. The pilot stated that, when the tailwheel touched down, it felt as though the airplane was being pushed further to the left side of the runway. He recalled that the right wing lifted, and the airplane veered left. He applied right rudder, and he leveled the wings, but the airplane exited the left side of the runway and impacted a culvert. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The METAR for the airport reported that, about the time of the accident, the wind was from 260° at 11 knots, gusting to 16 knots. The pilot landed the airplane on runway 25. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- C Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot - C
- C Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Directional control-Not attained/maintained - C
- C Environmental issues-Conditions/weather/phenomena-Wind-Gusts-Effect on operation - C
- C Environmental issues-Physical environment-Object/animal/substance-(general)-Effect on operation - C
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2019_GAA19CA227.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (runway excursion). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Runway Excursion — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary runway excursion review — RE-OE (overruns) + RE-LO (lateral). Risk drivers: long landing, high approach speed, contaminated surface, tailwind, mis-set autobrakes.
- NTSB Aircraft Accident Reports 2019 · Accident report
Embraer ERJ 175 Runway Excursion at Charlotte Douglas
Republic Airline ERJ-175 runway excursion CLT, January 2018. Examines a low-energy runway excursion involving misuse of autobrakes + thrust reverser response after a high-crosswind landing on a contam…
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Presentation
Uncovering Resilient Behavior in the Aviation Safety Reporting System Using Large Language Models
Resiliency is present in everyday life, both in system design and exhibited by the operators that function within these systems.
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Conference Paper
Uncovering Resilient Behavior in the Aviation Safety Reporting System Using Large Language Models
Resiliency is present in everyday life, both in system design and exhibited by the operators that function within these systems.
- Flight Safety Foundation 2024 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Runway Safety Initiative Final Report (RSI)
Foundation Runway Safety Initiative final report — comprehensive analysis of runway excursion + incursion risk drivers worldwide.
- Semantic Scholar 2020 · Article
Towards online prediction of safety-critical landing metrics in aviation using supervised machine learning
Abstract In recent years, due to the increased availability of data and improvements in computing power, application of machine learning techniques to various aviation safety problems for identifying,…
Browse the full corpus — academia portal ↗