NTSB CAROL · Event
Event SEA95LA016
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
FUEL EXHAUSTION DUE TO THE PILOT'S FAILURE TO REFUEL EN ROUTE. FACTORS INCLUDE THE EMBANKMENT ON THE SIDE OF THE ROAD ON WHICH HE MADE HIS FORCED LANDING.
Factual narrative
On November 7, 1994, approximately 1655 Pacific standard time (PST), a Cessna 172, N1380F, impacted the terrain during a forced landing near Lewiston, Idaho. The private pilot, who was the sole occupant of the aircraft, was not injured, but the airplane sustained substantial damage. The personal pleasure flight, which departed Elko, Nevada, about four and one-half hours earlier, was operating in visual meteorological conditions at the time of the accident. No flight plan had been filed, and there was no report of an ELT activation. According to the pilot, he was just contacting the tower at Lewiston Airport when he lost power. Because he thought he would not be able to glide to the airport, the pilot made the decision to land on a paved road. During the landing roll, he swerved to the right in order to avoid oncoming traffic, and the aircraft impacted an embankment. In a telephone conversation with the IIC, the pilot stated that he had originally planned to climb to about 10,000 MSL after takeoff, and remain at that altitude until it was time to begin his descent into Lewiston. But after takeoff, the pilot encountered weather that caused him to maneuver at altitudes between 6,500 and 7,500 feet MSL for about two and one-half hours. He said that this had caused him to burn more fuel than he originally expected, but that he thought he could still make it to Lewiston. He said that when the engine quit, one fuel tank was indicating empty, and the other was just above empty. When the aircraft was disassembled by the recovery team, less than three gallons of fuel was found in the entire fuel system. AFTER TAKEOFF, THE PILOT ENCOUNTERED WEATHER THAT KEPT HIM FROM CLIMBING TO HIS PLANNED CRUISE ALTITUDE. WHILE MANEUVERING AROUND THE WEATHER AT LOWER ALTITUDES FOR ABOUT TWO AND ONE-HALF HOURS, THE PILOT USED MORE FUEL THAN HE HAD PLANNED FOR, BUT ATTEMPTED TO COMPLETE THE FLIGHT WITHOUT AN ADDITIONAL REFUELING STOP. THE AIRCRAFT RAN OUT OF USABLE FUEL ABOUT TWO MILES FROM THE DESTINATION AIRPORT. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1994_SEA95LA016.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
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Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (fuel exhaustion). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Conference Paper
Crash Testing and Simulation of a Cessna 172 Aircraft: Pitch Down Impact Onto Soft Soil
During the summer of 2015, NASA Langley Research Center conducted three full-scale crash tests of Cessna 172 (C-172) aircraft at the NASA Langley Landing and Impact Research (LandIR) Facility.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Technical Memorandum (TM)
Simulating the Impact Response of Three Full-Scale Crash Tests of Cessna 172 Aircraft
During the summer of 2015, a series of three full-scale crash tests were performed at the Landing and Impact Research Facility located at NASA Langley Research Center of Cessna 172 aircraft.
- AOPA Air Safety Institute 2023 · Safety advisor
Safety Advisor: Fuel Awareness
AOPA Air Safety Institute safety advisor on preventing fuel-exhaustion and fuel-starvation accidents in general aviation. Covers pre-flight fuel planning, reserve requirements (14 CFR 91.151, 91.167),…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2023 · Conference paper
Validation of Training Satisfaction Survey
The Training Satisfaction Survey (TSS) was developed as part of a larger project to examine the features of Virtual Reality software and supporting devices as a training program on visual illusions an…
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Data in Brief)
Cockpit voice recorder transcript data: Capturing safety voice and safety listening during historic aviation accidents
Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) transcripts capture audio data within cockpit environments. This aids the investigation of causal factors contributing to aviation accidents by revealing communication and…
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Safety Science)
Safety voice and safety listening during aviation accidents: Cockpit voice recordings reveal that speaking-up to power is not enough
Abstract Safety voice is theorised as an important factor for mitigating accidents, but behavioural research during actual hazards has been scant.
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