NTSB CAROL · Event
Event WPR19MA177
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot’s aggressive takeoff maneuver, which resulted in an accelerated stall and subsequent loss of control at an altitude that was too low for recovery. Contributing to the accident were (1) the operation of the airplane near its aft center of gravity limit and the pilot’s lack of training and experience with the handling qualities of the airplane in this flight regime; (2) the failure of Oahu Parachute Center and its contract mechanic to maintain the airplane in an airworthy condition and to detect and repair the airplane’s twisted left wing, which reduced the airplane’s stall margin; and (3) the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) insufficient regulatory framework for overseeing parachute jump operations. Contributing to the pilot’s training deficiencies was the FAA’s lack of awareness that the pilot’s flight instructor was providing substandard training.
Factual narrative
Factual Pending Analysis pending Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Personnel issues-Task performance-Use of equip/info-Aircraft control-Pilot
- — Personnel issues-Experience/knowledge-Training-Type/qual of instruct/training-Pilot
- — Personnel issues-Psychological-Personality/attitude-Self confidence-Pilot
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-Angle of attack-Capability exceeded
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Aircraft capability-CG/weight distribution-Capability exceeded
- — Aircraft-Aircraft structures-Wing structure-Main frame (on wing)-Damaged/degraded
- — Organizational issues-Management-Policy/procedure-Adequacy of policy/proc-Operator
- — Aircraft-Aircraft handling/service-Maintenance/inspections-(general)-Inadequate inspection
- — Aircraft-Aircraft handling/service-Maintenance/inspections-(general)-Incorrect service/maintenance
- — Organizational issues-Support/oversight/monitoring-Oversight-Oversight of operation-FAA/Regulator
- — Organizational issues-Support/oversight/monitoring-Oversight-Oversight of maintenance-FAA/Regulator
- — Organizational issues-Support/oversight/monitoring-Training-Initial training-FAA/Regulator
- — Personnel issues-Task performance-Inspection-Scheduled/routine inspection-Maintenance personnel
- — Personnel issues-Task performance-Maintenance-Scheduled/routine maintenance-Maintenance personnel
- — Organizational issues-Management-Culture-Safety-Operator
- — Aircraft-Aircraft handling/service-Maintenance/inspections-(general)-Related records
- — Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Instructor/check pilot
- — Personnel issues-Action/decision-Info processing/decision-Decision making/judgment-Other
- — Personnel issues-Psychological-Personality/attitude-(general)-Instructor/check pilot
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2019_WPR19MA177.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (stall, loss of control). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Semantic Scholar 2016 · Article (Interacción)
Trajectory Recovery System: Angle of Attack Guidance for Inflight Loss of Control
This paper describes the design and development of an ecological display to aid pilots in the recovery of an In-Flight Loss of Control event due to a Stall (ILOC-S).
- NTSB Aircraft Accident Reports 2010 · Accident report
Loss of Control on Approach — Colgan Air Flight 3407
Colgan Air 3407 / Continental Connection (Q400) Buffalo NY, February 12, 2009 — 50 fatalities. Definitive investigation of the Colgan 3407 stall-stick-pusher crash on approach to Buffalo.
- NASA NTRS 2026 · Conference Paper
Computational Analysis of Steady State Aerodynamics of Transonic Truss-Braced Wing Configuration in Deep Stall
This study presents a computational investigation of steady state aerodynamics of the Subsonic Ultra-Green Aircraft Research (SUGAR) Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) configuration over a wide range …
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Scoping Review of Aviation Loss of Control Inflight Research
Loss of control – inflight (LOC-I) contributes to aircraft accidents at unacceptably high rates. Significant industry efforts and research have aimed to improve LOC-I prevention, detection, and recove…
- arXiv 2025 · arXiv preprint
Quadratic Programming Approach to Flight Envelope Protection Using Control Barrier Functions
Ensuring the safe operation of aerospace systems within their prescribed flight envelope is a fundamental requirement for modern flight control systems.
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Loss of Control In-Flight (LOC-I) — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary comprehensive knowledge-base entry on Loss of Control In-Flight — definitions, contributing factors, accident case studies (Air France 447, Colgan 3407), and prevention strategies.
Browse the full corpus — academia portal ↗