NTSB CAROL · Event
Event FTW94LA151
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
INADEQUATE VISUAL LOOKOUT ON THE PART OF BOTH PILOTS. A FACTOR WAS POOR AIRPORT OPERATIONS.
Factual narrative
On May 8, 1994, at 1600 mountain daylight time, a Rolladen Schneider LS-4 glider, N4MN, sustained substantial damage during landing at Kelly Air Park, Elbert, Colorado. The pilot was not injured and no flight plan was filed. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. According to the pilot, he was just off the ground during landing when he saw an airplane just off his right side in a right hand turn. He stated he thought a midair collision was eminent and turned left to avoid the aircraft. The left wing of the glider bounced off the ground resulting in a nose low, left wing down collision with the ground. A witness indicated the glider and the airplane were approaching to land approximately 15 feet apart, wing to wing, when the glider suddenly veered left and collided with the ground. Investigation revealed that the runway area being used by the aircraft was a grass strip next to the runway and that the aircraft radio was inoperative. The pilot of the aircraft did not hear the glider pilot call in and did not see the glider. The two were lined up to land simultaneously, each on the runway specified for the type. Attached is an airport diagram and airport operating instructions. These provide information that the runway and taxiways are both used for arrivals and departures, are in close proximity to each other, and have opposing traffic patterns. DURING SHORT FINAL FOR LANDING IN A GLIDER, THE PILOT SAW A TOW PLANE TURNING RIGHT JUST OFF HIS RIGHT SIDE AND TOOK EVASIVE ACTION TO THE LEFT TO AVOID WHAT HE INTERPRETED TO BE AN IMMINENT COLLISION. DURING THIS ACTION THE LEFT WING OF THE GLIDER CONTACTED THE GROUND AND THE GLIDER IMPACTED ON THE LEFT WING AND NOSE. THE TOW PLANE MADE A NORMAL LANDING IN THE DESIGNATED TOW PLANE LANDING AREA. THE PILOT WAS UNAWARE THE GLIDER WAS BESIDE HIM. THE GLIDER RUNWAY AND TOW PLANE RUNWAY ARE NEXT TO EACH OTHER AND ARE A RUNWAY AND TAXIWAY USED AS A RUNWAY, AS PUBLISHED IN THE AIRPORT OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS. THE TOW PLANE WAS NOT EQUIPPED WITH A RADIO; THEREFORE, HE DID NOT HEAR THE GLIDER PILOT'S TRANSMITTED INTENTIONS. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1994_FTW94LA151.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (midair collision). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Airspace Saturation and Midair Collision Risk: A Case Study at a Class D Airport
Near midair collisions are precursor events to actual collisions and may be an indicator of risk. While previous studies have used reports of near midair collisions to relate factors such as airspace …
- NASA NTRS 2023 · Presentation
The Viability of See-and-Avoid for Midair Collision Avoidance for Urban Air Mobility (UAM)
Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an emerging aviation concept that could supplement today’s ground and air transportation systems.
- NASA NTRS 2023 · Presentation
The Viability of See-and-Avoid for Midair Collision Avoidance for UAM
Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is an emerging aviation concept that could supplement today’s ground and air transportation systems.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Other - Patent
Apparatus for aiding a pilot in avoiding a midair collision between aircraft
An apparatus for aiding a pilot in avoiding a midair collision between aircraft is described. A protected aircraft carries a transmitter, a transponder, a receiver, and a data processor; and an intrud…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2018 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Evaluating Small UAS Near Midair Collision Risk Using AeroScope and ADS-B
As small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) continue to proliferate in the National Airspace System (NAS), near midair collisions are becoming more common.
- NASA NTRS 2011 · Reprint (Version printed in journal)
Midair collisions - The accidents, the systems, and the Realpolitik
Two midair collisions occurring in 1978 are described, and the air traffic control system and procedures in use at the time, human factors implications and political consequences of the accidents are …
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