NTSB CAROL · Event
Event LAX97LA139
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
An unintentional stall for undetermined reasons.
Factual narrative
On April 1, 1997, at 1212 hours Hawaiian standard time, a Cessna 182F, N3652U, operated by the Skydive Academy of Hawaii Corporation, experienced an in-flight loss of control during takeoff from runway 26 at the Dillingham Airfield, Mokuleia, Hawaii. Witnesses reported observing the airplane lift off and immediately thereafter commence climbing at a steep angle. Within several hundred feet above ground level, one wing suddenly lowered and the airplane rapidly lost altitude. The airplane collided with trees, impacted the Mokuleia Beach Park surf, and was destroyed upon sinking in 15-feet-deep water near the shoreline. The commercial pilot and four passengers, which were being transported for a planned parachute jump, sustained minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed. The flight was originating at the time of the accident. In brief, the pilot reported in his completed Aircraft Accident Report that before takeoff he had checked the flight controls, and no evidence of any mechanical problems was noted. During the takeoff roll the airplane accelerated between 60 and 65 mph. The airplane became airborne and pitched 60 degrees nose up. Forward pressure was applied on the control yoke, but there was no response. The airplane banked right and stalled, and the nose lowered. Thereafter, the airplane collided with trees which shattered the windshield, and an oil leak developed. The pilot further reported that he notified the Unicom operator he was "coming back around." However, the control yoke was still "frozen in position" and could not be moved forward or aft. The airplane's pitch could not be controlled, and the airplane descended into the water. Interviews were conducted with the passengers and ground-based witnesses. No information was found to indicate that the pilot had planned to make a short field takeoff or had intentionally climbed at a steep angle. The Federal Aviation Administration's Safety Data Analysis Section in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, searched its data base of Service Difficulty Reports (SDRs) for elevator control binding events involving Cessna 182 series airplanes. None was found during the search period between 1990 and April, 1997. The airplane's main wreckage was not recovered. The pilot's report of a jammed yoke was not verified with physical evidence. The pilot reported that, before takeoff with the four parachutists, he had checked the flight controls and no evidence of any mechanical problems was noted. During the takeoff roll the airplane accelerated between 60 and 65 mph, became airborne and pitched 60 degrees nose up. The pilot further reported that he applied forward pressure on the control yoke, but there was no response. The airplane banked right, stalled, descended, and collided with trees. The pilot further reported that he notified the Unicom operator he was 'coming back around.' However, the control yoke was still 'frozen in position' and could not be moved forward or aft. The airplane's pitch could not be controlled, and the airplane descended into the water and sank. The main wreckage was not recovered. The pilot's report of a jammed yoke could not be verified due to the lack of physical evidence. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1997_LAX97LA139.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (stall, loss of control). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Semantic Scholar 2016 · Article (Interacción)
Trajectory Recovery System: Angle of Attack Guidance for Inflight Loss of Control
This paper describes the design and development of an ecological display to aid pilots in the recovery of an In-Flight Loss of Control event due to a Stall (ILOC-S).
- NTSB Aircraft Accident Reports 2010 · Accident report
Loss of Control on Approach — Colgan Air Flight 3407
Colgan Air 3407 / Continental Connection (Q400) Buffalo NY, February 12, 2009 — 50 fatalities. Definitive investigation of the Colgan 3407 stall-stick-pusher crash on approach to Buffalo.
- NASA NTRS 2026 · Conference Paper
Computational Analysis of Steady State Aerodynamics of Transonic Truss-Braced Wing Configuration in Deep Stall
This study presents a computational investigation of steady state aerodynamics of the Subsonic Ultra-Green Aircraft Research (SUGAR) Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) configuration over a wide range …
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Scoping Review of Aviation Loss of Control Inflight Research
Loss of control – inflight (LOC-I) contributes to aircraft accidents at unacceptably high rates. Significant industry efforts and research have aimed to improve LOC-I prevention, detection, and recove…
- arXiv 2025 · arXiv preprint
Quadratic Programming Approach to Flight Envelope Protection Using Control Barrier Functions
Ensuring the safe operation of aerospace systems within their prescribed flight envelope is a fundamental requirement for modern flight control systems.
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Loss of Control In-Flight (LOC-I) — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary comprehensive knowledge-base entry on Loss of Control In-Flight — definitions, contributing factors, accident case studies (Air France 447, Colgan 3407), and prevention strategies.
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