NTSB CAROL · Event
Event MIA98LA019
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The pilot's improper management of fuel resulting in a total loss of engine power on both engines due to fuel exhaustion.
Factual narrative
On November 2, 1997, about 1745 eastern standard time, a Cessna 402B, N69312, registered to Donovan Aircraft Inc., leased to Air Flight, operating as a 14 CFR Part 135 passenger flight, crashed on a visual approach to the Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and a VFR flight plan was filed. The airplane was destroyed. The airline transport pilot and six passengers reported no injuries. The flight originated from Andros Town, Bahamas, about 1 hour 50 minutes before the accident. The pilot stated he departed Fort Lauderdale with about 3 hours 30 minutes of fuel and made two intermediate stops before returning to Fort Lauderdale. No fuel was purchased. While making a visual approach to runway 27 left at Fort Lauderdale, he noticed the right main landing gear did not indicate that it was down. He notified tower, initiated a go-around, remained in left closed traffic, and performed the emergency procedures with negative results. Tower was informed that he was departing closed traffic and that he would circle offshore to burn fuel and contact his company operations. Another company airplane was dispatched to his location and verified the landing gear problem. The pilot started an approach to runway 27 left. The right engine started to surge about 5 miles from the runway. He switched the fuel tanks to crossfeed, and the engine quit. The left engine started surging about 1 mile from the end of the runway. He switched the fuel tanks to the left auxiliary fuel tank. The engine started to run and quit. The pilot made a forced landing straight ahead and collided with approach lights about 1/4 mile from the end of the runway. The pilot stated to the FAA, "I ran out of fuel." The pilot was on approach for landing when the right main landing gear did not indicate that it was down. The pilot made a go-around and remained in left closed traffic performing emergency gear extension procedures with negative results. The pilot departed closed traffic and proceeded off shore to burn off fuel before attempting an emergency landing. A company airplane was dispatched to verify the landing gear position. The pilot started a straight in approach for landing five miles from the airport. The right engine started surging and quit. The left engine started surging one mile from the runway. He switched fuel tanks. The engine started and quit. He made a forced landing straight ahead and collided with runway approach lights about 1/4 mile from the end of the runway. The pilot stated he ran out of fuel. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database (Pre-2008 Archive) Retrieved: 2026-02-12
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_1997_MIA98LA019.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (fuel exhaustion, go-around). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- NASA NTRS 2025 · Conference Paper
A Training Study to Improve Monitoring During A Go-Around
As part of an FAA program to improve go-around (GA) safety, we were asked to determine if we could improve the performance of the Pilot Monitoring (PM) during a GA maneuver.
- Flight Safety Foundation 2024 · FSF / AeroSafety World
Go-Around Safety Forum Findings
Foundation Go-Around Safety Forum technical findings — examines why pilots fail to execute go-arounds when criteria are met (stabilized approach gate not met, energy state out of envelope, traffic con…
- Semantic Scholar 2022 · Article (Journal of Safety Research)
Go-around accidents and general aviation safety.
INTRODUCTION Changes in General Aviation (GA) accident rates, specifically in the go-around phase, are examined by comparing the number of accidents, the proportion of fatal accidents, and the proport…
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Aerospace)
Classification and Analysis of Go-Arounds in Commercial Aviation Using ADS-B Data
Go-arounds are a necessary aspect of commercial aviation and are conducted after a landing attempt has been aborted. It is necessary to conduct go-arounds in the safest possible manner, as go-arounds …
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Accepted Manuscript (Version with final changes)
Go-Around Criteria Refinement for Transport Category Aircraft
Presently, airline pilots are trained to go around if, when lower than 500 ft above the ground, they are outside of a handful of parameters such as airspeed, position, and rate of descent.
- NASA NTRS 2019 · Conference Paper
Validation of Proposed Go-Around Criteria Under Various Environmental Conditions
This paper evaluates the effects of environmental conditions on touchdown performance under varying approach states and validates proposed go-around criteria developed using data from a previously con…
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