NTSB CAROL · Event
Event WPR12LA356
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
The loss of engine power due to the separation of the No. 2 cylinder exhaust rocker boss housing, which prevented the exhaust valve from opening.
Factual narrative
On August 14, 2012, about 0620 Pacific daylight time, a Rockwell International S-2R, N8468V, was substantially damaged during a forced landing following a loss of engine power after takeoff near Royal City, Washington. The certified commercial pilot received minor injuries. The airplane was registered to Royal Flying Service, Inc., and operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 137. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident and no flight plan was filed. The local flight originated from a private airstrip about 1 minute prior to the accident. In a statement provided to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigator-in-charge (IIC), the pilot reported that just after taking off with 325 gallons of liquid fungicide, he detected a rough running engine. The pilot stated that not being able to maintain altitude and in order to clear a set of wires in front of him, he partially dumped the load, cleared the wires, and then attempted to land on a paved road. After touching down, the airplane veered off of the road and into a ditch, where it caught fire and was consumed. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airworthiness aviation safety inspector performed an onsite inspection of the accident airplane. The inspector reported to the IIC that his inspection revealed that the number 2 cylinder exhaust rocker boss housing had separated from the cylinder, which prevented the exhaust valve on the cylinder from opening, creating the loss of engine power. No other evidence of engine damage or malfunction was noted. The FAA inspector's review of company maintenance records indicated that all required inspections had been complied with, including FAA Airworthiness Directive (AD) 99-11-02, which addresses inspection requirements for the accident airplane's cylinder type. The AD specifies a 100-hour recurring inspection requirement; the engine had accumulated 91 hours since its last inspection. The pilot stated that shortly after taking off for the aerial application flight the engine began to run rough. Because he could not maintain altitude and was concerned about clearing a set of power lines in front of him, the pilot partially dumped the airplane’s aerial application load. After the airplane cleared the power lines, the pilot attempted to land on a road; however, during the touchdown the airplane veered off of the road and into a ditch. A postaccident fire consumed the airplane. A postaccident examination of the engine revealed that the No. 2 cylinder exhaust rocker boss housing had separated from the cylinder, which prevented the cylinder's exhaust valve from opening and resulted in the loss of engine power. Maintenance records revealed that the cylinder had been inspected in accordance with the time interval specified by the applicable Federal Aviation Administration airworthiness directive (AD). The AD specifies a 100-hour recurring inspection requirement; the engine had accumulated 91 hours since its last inspection. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- C Aircraft-Aircraft power plant-Engine (reciprocating)-Recip eng cyl section-Failure - C
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2012_WPR12LA356.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (maintenance). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2026 · Journal article (IJAAA)
From Reactive to Predictive: A hybrid Trust-Mediated Adoption Framework for Data-Driven Maintenance in Distributed-Authority Aviation Environments
Modern aviation maintenance operates within increasingly data-intensive technological environments, yet the operational integration of predictive maintenance into routine decision-making remains incon…
- Semantic Scholar 2025 · Article (Applied Sciences)
Decision-Making Framework for Aviation Safety in Predictive Maintenance Strategies
The implementation of predictive maintenance (PM) in aviation presents unique challenges due to strict safety requirements, complex operational environments, and regulatory constraints.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (JAAER)
Low-Resource Automatic Speech Recognition Domain Adaptation – A Case-Study in Aviation Maintenance
With timeliness and efficiency being critical in the aviation maintenance industry, the need has been growing for smart technological solutions that optimize and streamline the different underlying ta…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (JAAER)
A New Trajectory in UAV Safety: Leveraging Reinforcement Learning for Distance Maintenance Under Wind Variations
In the field of aviation, safety is a critical cornerstone, and the operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems is deeply connected with this principle.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Just Culture in Aviation: A Metaphorical Study on Aircraft Maintenance Students
Just Culture, a sub-dimension of safety culture, has been a prominent and debated topic in aviation safety in recent years.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2024 · Journal article (IJAAA)
Performance PRISM: A Comprehensive Framework For Performance Measurement In Aircraft Maintenance
Aircraft maintenance is governed by rigorous safety requirements and high operational complexity, demanding robust performance measurement frameworks to ensure optimal maintenance practices.
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