NTSB CAROL · Event
Event WPR18FA228
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
Loss of control for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination of the airframe and engine revealed no mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation.
Factual narrative
HISTORY OF FLIGHTOn August 18, 2018, about 1408 mountain standard time, an experimental Olsson Pietenpol Aircamper, N88HK, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Camp Verde, Arizona. The commercial pilot and pilot-rated passenger were fatally injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the flight and no flight plan had been filed. The flight originated from Montezuma Airport (19AZ), Camp Verde, Arizona, about 1400, with a stop at Cottonwood Airport, Cottonwood, Arizona, with a return to 19AZ. The airplane impacted in a ravine surrounded by desert terrain about 2.5 miles east of 19AZ. According to the pilot's wife, the purpose of the flight was to increase the pilot's confidence in a conventional landing gear airplane (tailwheel). The wife added that the passenger was a non-current flight instructor with experience in tailwheel airplanes. WRECKAGE AND IMPACT INFORMATIONThe airplane was found in hilly, uneven desert terrain surround by shrub brush and trees. During an on-scene investigation, the first identified point of impact was a 12-inch by 4-inch depression adjacent to the tailwheel. The debris field was contained within about a 10-foot radius of the main wreckage. The main wreckage was comprised of all major airframe components and was oriented on a magnetic heading of 78°. The wing assembly was deformed in the middle section with the left portion of the wing pushed up and over the main spar, the right wing was pushed down. The airplane remained intact; both wood propeller blade roots remained attached to the propeller hub, which remained attached to the crankshaft and engine. The engine remained attached to the airframe. Flight control continuity was established. MEDICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL INFORMATIONThe Yavapai County Medical Examiner, Prescott Valley, Arizona performed an autopsy of the pilot. The pilot’s cause of death was blunt force trauma. The FAA’s Forensic Sciences Laboratory performed toxicology on the pilot’s tissue samples, which revealed Fexofenadine, a non-sedating antihistamine was detected in blood and urine. Ranitidine used to prevent and treat symptoms of heartburn was found in urine. TESTS AND RESEARCHPostaccident engine examination revealed carbon buildup on the cylinder barrels and piston faces, as well as worn spark plugs. There were no other mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. The airplanes’ two Bendix SF4R-8 magnetos were examined, and both passed the functionality bench test. The pilot and passenger departed on a local area flight. When the flight did not return a search was initiated and the wreckage was located later in the evening in hilly, uneven desert terrain. The wreckage debris field was contained within about a 10-foot radius of the main wreckage. All flight control surfaces remained attached and flight control continuity was established. The wing assembly was deformed in the middle section with the left portion of the wing pushed up and over the main spar; the right wing was pushed down. It is likely that the airplane was in an uncontrolled attitude at the time of impact with terrain. A visual examination of the engine revealed no holes in the engine case. Postaccident examination of the engine revealed carbon buildup in the cylinder barrels and piston faces and worn spark plugs. The wooden propeller remained attached to the crankshaft and engine. There were no mechanical anomalies revealed that would have precluded normal operation. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Environmental issues-Physical environment-Terrain-Mountainous/hilly terrain-Contributed to outcome
- — Aircraft-Aircraft oper/perf/capability-Performance/control parameters-(general)-Not attained/maintained
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2018_WPR18FA228.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type or causal vocabulary (loss of control). Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2025 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Scoping Review of Aviation Loss of Control Inflight Research
Loss of control – inflight (LOC-I) contributes to aircraft accidents at unacceptably high rates. Significant industry efforts and research have aimed to improve LOC-I prevention, detection, and recove…
- SKYbrary (Eurocontrol) 2024 · SKYbrary article
Loss of Control In-Flight (LOC-I) — SKYbrary Knowledge Base
SKYbrary comprehensive knowledge-base entry on Loss of Control In-Flight — definitions, contributing factors, accident case studies (Air France 447, Colgan 3407), and prevention strategies.
- NTSB Aircraft Accident Reports 2022 · Accident report
Loss of Control on Takeoff in Icing Conditions — Citation 560XL
Cessna Citation 560XL fatal takeoff icing accident, March 2018. Investigation of a Citation 560XL loss-of-control takeoff accident in icing conditions.
- Semantic Scholar 2021 · Article (Aviation)
ANALYSIS OF GENERAL AVIATION FIXED-WING AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS INVOLVING INFLIGHT LOSS OF CONTROL USING A STATE-BASED APPROACH
Inflight loss of control (LOC-I) is a significant cause of General Aviation (GA) fixed-wing aircraft accidents. The United States National Transportation Safety Board’s database provides a rich source…
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Presentation
Use of Design of Experiments in Determining Neural Network Architectures for Loss of Control Detection
Abstract—We describe empirical methods for selecting a neural network architecture to implement belief state inference on generic commercial transport aircraft.
- NASA NTRS 2021 · Conference Paper
Use of Design of Experiments in Determining Neural Network Architectures for Loss of Control Detection
We describe empirical methods for selecting a neural network architecture to implement belief state inference on generic commercial transport aircraft.
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