NTSB CAROL · Event
Event WPR23LA157
Registry · N21RS
FAA Aircraft Registry record.
Make / Model
BEECH 95
Engine
LYCOMING O&VO-360 SER (180 hp)
Seats / Engines
5 seats · 2 engines
ADS-B equipped
Yes — Mode-S A1B8B1
Registrant of record
RAINIER AIR INC
Source: FAA Aircraft Registry (releasable master file).
Aircraft involved
Probable cause & findings
Failure of the down limit and down indicator switch and the warning horn switch assemblies, which prevented the landing gear from extending and at the same time providing a false indication that the landing gear was extended.
Factual narrative
On April 5, 2023, about 1500 Pacific daylight time, a Beech 95, N21RS sustained substantial damage when it was involved in an accident near Bremerton, Washington. The pilot was uninjured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 personal flight. The airplane had been parked on a ramp under a tarpaulin for approximately one year, and that this was the first flight after an annual inspection that had recently been performed. He stated that on final approach for landing, the gear selector lever was down, and the landing gear indicator green light was illuminated. The pilot stated the gear collapsed a few seconds after touchdown, and after viewing the damage, he believed the gear never extended. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage at the lateral wing spar carry-through structure. Postaccident examination immediately following the accident revealed that the landing gear did not extend with the gear selector lever in the down position, although the gear status light illuminated green. The aural gear warning horn, which was designed to activate if the gear was retracted with the throttles at low engine power, was also not audible. Further examination of the gear extension system revealed the landing gear down limit and down indicator switch, along with the interconnected warning horn switch, were stuck in the normally open (NO) position. The NO condition had caused this portion of the electrical circuit to falsely indicate a landing gear down and safe position even though the landing gear was retracted. The NO condition also disabled the landing gear motor circuit and the landing gear warning horn circuit. In this condition the down and locked indicator only needed the landing gear position switch selected to the down position to complete the circuit for a green light gear down indication. After restoring normal operation to the switches, the landing gear extension and gear warning horn operated normally. The airplane had been stored outside for a year, and the flight was the first after an annual inspection that had recently been performed. The pilot reported that while on approach to land, he had a gear safe indicator light, but upon touchdown discovered that the gear had not extended. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage at the lateral wing spar carry-through structure. Postaccident examination revealed that the landing gear down limit and down indicator switch, and the warning horn switch were both stuck in the open position. This condition provided a false gear down-and-locked indication and disabled the gear warning horn. Source: NTSB Aviation Accident Database Retrieved: 2026-02-12
NTSB Findings
Hierarchical cause / factor breakdown from the FAA bulk avdata database. Each finding tagged C (Cause) or F (Factor).
- — Aircraft-Aircraft systems-Landing gear system-Landing gear door retract sec-Malfunction
Verbatim from NTSB's published report. Source file
NTSB_2023_WPR23LA157.txt.
Findings + structured fields enriched from FAA avall.mdb.
Full investigation docket on
data.ntsb.gov ↗.
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Related research
What the literature says.
Academic papers and agency reports matching this event's aircraft type. Sourced from NASA NTRS, NTSB Safety Studies, FAA CAMI, AOPA Air Safety Institute, Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons, arXiv, and the Semantic Scholar academic graph.
- arXiv 2026 · arXiv preprint
Model-Reference Adaptive Flight Control of the 95-mg Bee++
We introduce a model-reference adaptive control (MRAC) architecture for high-performance positional tracking of the Bee++, a 95-mg insect-scale flapping-wing aerial vehicle.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 2022 · Journal article (JAAER)
A Panel Study of Outsourced Maintenance Impact on Major U.S. Passenger Airlines' Profitability (1995-2019)
This study investigates eight viable United States major passenger airlines' outsourced maintenance impact on profitability between 1995 and 2019 by using panel data analysis.
- Semantic Scholar 2018 · Article (Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance)
Cardiac Inflight Incapacitations of U.S. Airline Pilots: 1995-2015.
INTRODUCTION Inflight medical incapacitations are rare events that can result in the loss of lives and aircraft. The potential for an in-flight medical event deserves the attention of certification au…
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 1995 · Industry report (AQRR)
Airline Quality Rating 1995
The Airline Quality Rating (AQR) was developed and first announced in early 1991 as an objective method of comparing airline performance on combined multiple factors important to consumers.
- Embry-Riddle Scholarly Commons 1994 · Journal article (JAAER)
Postsecondary Aviation Programs in the United States: 1950 and 1985
This study examined aviation programs in accredited postsecondary institutions in the United States for the years 1950 and 1985.
- NASA NTRS 2016 · Conference Paper
Controlling Air Traffic (Simulated) in the Presence of Automation (CATS PAu) 1995: A Study of Measurement Techniques for Situation Awareness in Air Traffic Control
As automated systems proliferate in aviation systems, human operators are taking on less and less of an active role in the jobs they once performed, often reducing what should be important jobs to tas…
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